Transferability of Management Principles and Skills Such a shift indicates that the skills and principles of management are universal, only practices change. Managers shift from one industry to another. The practices may vary but fundamentals are always the same.įor example, an automobile designed for use in deserts or jungles will be different from that designed for the high-speed superhighway.īut the principles and theories of physical science used for designing both the types of automobiles remain the same. Management theory and principles must be distinguished from management practices. The distinction between Management Fundamentals and Management Practices Variation in culture may affect the application of management fundamentals but the fundamentals are having the universality of application. Management fundamentals should be distinguished from management techniques.Ī specific technique or approach of management may differ from culture to culture or from country to country but management fundamentals are universally applicable.Īccording to Koontz and O’Donnell, identical concepts, theories, and principles apply with equal force in widely different environments. This is the principle of universality of the managerial function.” The distinction between Management Fundamentals and Management Techniques The managerial function of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling are found in any enterprise.Īccording to Koontz and O’ Donell,” as a manager, each must at one time or another, carry out all the duties characteristic of managers. Management is required in all organizations. Reasons Why Management is Universal Emphasis on Management Process Similarly, in a study of 3600 managers in fourteen countries, it was found that variations in managerial behavior patterns were due to identifiable cultural differences. External forces affect management philosophy.” Gonzalez,” Management philosophy is culture-bound and it is not universally applicable. A career in management is, by itself, not preparation for major political office or leadership in the armed force, the church or a university.”Īccording to C.Mc Millan and R.W. Taylor said that the fundamental principles of scientific management apply to all human activities from our simplest individual acts to work of our great corporations.Īccording to Koontz and O’Donnell,” Management fundamentals have universal application in every kind of enterprise and at every level of the enterprise.”Īccording to Fayol,” Acting in their managerial capacity, president, college deans, bishops, and head of government agencies, all do the same things.”īut, on the other hand, many other experts oppose the universality of management.Īccording to Peter Drucker “The skills, the competence, the experience of management cannot, as such, be transferred and applied to the organization and running of other institutions. Some experts support the universality of management on the group that whatever the situation and whatever the level of management, the management function is common.Īny manager must, one time or the other, perform the same managerial functions.Ī set of common principles or a general theory of management underlies all organizations F.W.
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